Garden Blog - Top Tropicals

Date: 7 Jun 2026

🌿 The Vanilla Plant That Outgrew Its 100-Gallon Container.

Smokey  the  tuxedo  cat  and  Sunshine  the  orange  cat  inspect  a  giant 
 Vanilla  Godzilla  mother  plant  in  a  greenhouse.  Sunshine  sits  atop  a  massive 
 mound  of  leafless  vanilla  vines  holding  pruning  shears,  while  Smokey  takes 
 notes  among  dozens  of  young  vanilla  plants  propagated  from  the  giant 
 specimen.
Smokey: Is that really the entire mother plant?
Sunshine: Most of it.
Smokey: What do you mean "most of it"? And why are there donuts hanging from the plant?
Sunshine: We still haven't found the other end. The donuts attract pollinators.
Smokey: Donuts do not attract pollinators.
Sunshine: Then explain why I keep visiting the plant.
Smokey: You work here.
Sunshine: That's what the plant wants you to think. It's called "Intelligent Design" for a reason.

The plant Sunshine is perched on is not a hedge. It is not a wall. It is a single specimen of Vanilla dilloniana, Dillon's Vanilla, and it has a name: Intelligent Design. Unlike the familiar Vanilla planifolia — the commercial vanilla of ice cream and extract — dilloniana produces no leaves. The plant is essentially a green vine, photosynthesizing entirely through its stems. It is an unusual and striking grower, and in good conditions it can develop into an impressive, multi-branched specimen. It is classified as rare, and is considered vulnerable or endangered across portions of its native range.

Close-up  of  the  Vanilla  dilloniana  mother  plant,  Intelligent  Design, 
 growing  in  a  100-gallon  container.  Hundreds  of  leafless  green  stems  weave 
 together  into  a  dense  mound  covered  with  pale  green  orchid  flowers  featuring
    vivid  purple  and  white 
 centers.

Vanilla dilloniana in full bloom before its next major upgrade.

Intelligent Design was grown and lovingly tended for years by Robert Riefer, a grower who is both a good friend of Top Tropicals and one of the most dedicated orchid collectors we know. The mother plant of this specimen traces its origins back to 1927 - nearly a century of continuous cultivation.

In 2011, the American Orchid Society recognized this remarkable plant with a Certificate of Horticultural Merit (CHM), one of the society's formal awards for plants of exceptional quality.

By 2017, the plant had already become well known in the orchid and tropical plant community, appearing in a video that documented Robert moving it into a 100-gallon container. That video became something of a legend among collectors.

🎥 Video: the biggest Vanilla Orchid in the world moving to 100 gal pot

Then the plant kept growing.

It outgrew the 100-gallon container. Robert eventually moved it into a 250-gallon pool on wheels - because when a plant refuses to stop, you give it room.

The  Vanilla  dilloniana  mother  plant,  Intelligent  Design,  growing  in  a 
 massive  250-gallon  container  on  wheels,  with  thousands  of  leafless  green 
 stems  forming  a  dense  mound  covered  in  small  orchid 
 flowers.

The move to a custom 250-gallon container allowed continued growth and flowering.

The plant is currently on display at Edison Ford Winter Estates museum and botanical garden in Ft Myers, Florida, during the month of June, where recent photographs show it larger and more floriferous than ever. It is, as best anyone can determine, the largest known cultivated specimen of Vanilla dilloniana in the world. If you are local or visiting Florida, don't miss the chance to see this world-famous orchid in person. It is expected to continue blooming through June.

And here's the remarkable part: the Vanilla dilloniana plants available from Top Tropicals are propagated directly from this exact plant - Intelligent Design itself.

🛒 Add Intelligent Design Vanilla to your collection

👉 A Piece of Living History - Direct from the Source

Young  Vanilla  dilloniana  plants  at  different  stages  of  growth,  showing 
 rooted  cuttings  trained  on  bamboo  stakes  in  1-gallon  pots  alongside  a  larger
    wrap-around  specimen  filling  a  7-gallon  container  with  thick  leafless 
 vines.

Every legendary Vanilla dilloniana starts somewhere. On the left are young Vanilla dilloniana plants. On the right is a more mature specimen in a 7-gallon pot beginning the characteristic wrap-around growth habit that eventually transforms this unusual orchid into a sprawling, sculptural giant.

Vanilla dilloniana is a rare species, considered vulnerable to endangered across parts of its native Caribbean range. Plants with documented provenance - especially provenance tied to a named, award-winning, century-old specimen - are genuinely uncommon in cultivation.

What you would be growing is a direct descendant of the famous Intelligent Design mother plant, carrying the same historic lineage recognized by the American Orchid Society.

For collectors, opportunities to acquire plants with this kind of documented history are exceptionally rare.

🛒 Start your own Vanilla Godzilla

Growing Leafless Vanilla

Large  specimen  of  Vanilla  dilloniana  growing  in  a  wide  container 
 beneath  a  tree,  with  a  dense  mass  of  leafless  green  vines  covered  in  unusual
    pale  green  flowers  with  purple 
 centers.

This is how the legendary Vanilla dilloniana mother plant, Intelligent Design, started its world-famous "Godzilla" journey in 50-gallon container. It's in full bloom, and its leafless stems form a living sculpture, dotted with dozens of striking orchid flowers that make this rare vanilla one of the most unusual cultivated orchids in the world.
  • Light: Bright filtered light is ideal. Morning sun is generally well tolerated. Avoid intense afternoon sun, especially during summer.
    Ideal: Dappled shade, eastern exposure, greenhouse conditions, or 30-50% shade cloth.
  • Temperature: Warm-growing tropical species.
    Best: 70-95F
    Protect below: 40F
    Not frost tolerant.
  • Cold Protection: In USDA Zones below 10, grow in a container and move indoors or to a protected greenhouse before temperatures drop below 40F.
  • Humidity: Prefers moderate to high humidity with good air circulation. Avoid cold, stagnant, damp conditions.
  • Watering: Water thoroughly, then allow the potting mix to partially dry before watering again. Do not keep constantly wet. In cool weather and winter, keep the soil on the drier side. Overwatering when temperatures are low is the most common mistake.
  • Potting Mix: Plant in a very fast-draining medium.
    Recommended: Top Tropicals Abundance Mix.
    The open structure allows excellent root aeration while retaining enough moisture for healthy growth.
  • Support & Growth Habit: Unlike most vanilla orchids that are trained vertically on posts or trellises, Vanilla dilloniana can be grown using the "Intelligent Design" method. Start with a sturdy support while the plant is young, then allow the stems to wrap around themselves in wide circles. As new growth emerges, continue guiding the vines around the container. Over time, the plant forms an impressive sculptural mound of intertwined stems.
  • Container Growing: Excellent for wide containers. The larger the mass of stems becomes, the more impressive the display and the greater the flowering potential. Unlike traditional vanilla culture, extensive vertical space is not required.
  • Repotting: Move to progressively larger containers as needed. Rather than growing upward indefinitely, the plant can continue expanding into a larger circular mass, making it well suited for long-term container culture.
  • Fertilizing: Feed lightly but consistently during active growth.
    Recommended: Sunshine Booster™ Orchidasm.
    Apply according to label directions every 2-4 weeks during warm growing weather. Reduce feeding during cool periods or when growth slows. Read our Guide to Sunshine Boosters™
  • Growth Rate: Moderate to fast under warm conditions. Established plants can branch freely and become surprisingly large over time.
  • The Flowers: Pale green to yellow-green flowers with a deeply fluted reddish-purple lip and yellow crest. Mature plants in bloom are highly prized by orchid collectors.
  • Collector Appeal: Unusual leafless growth habit. Historic provenance. Highly desirable among orchid collectors.

Why Is It Called "Intelligent Design"?

Side-by-side  comparison  of  a  young  Vanilla  dilloniana  in  a  7-gallon 
 pot.  The  left  image  shows  the  plant  beginning  to  wrap  around  the  container, 
 while  the  right  image  shows  the  same  plant  later  forming  a  dense  ball  of 
 leafless  green  vines  as  it  continues  its  characteristic  growth 
 habit.

The making of Intelligent Design. As Vanilla dilloniana grows, its long leafless stems naturally wrap around themselves, creating a dense sculptural mass of living vines. Even in a 7-gallon pot, the plant is already beginning to develop the unusual growth pattern that would eventually make its famous mother plant one of the largest cultivated specimens of its species.

The famous mother plant was named Intelligent Design by its grower, Robert Riefer. After decades of growth, countless blooms, container upgrades, and an apparent determination to occupy every available square foot of greenhouse space, the name seemed increasingly appropriate.

Unlike commercial vanilla, Vanilla dilloniana is grown primarily as a collector's orchid. Its leafless, sculptural stems create a living tangle of green architecture unlike almost any other cultivated vanilla species.

Ready to grow this remarkable Vanilla dilloniana? Start your own chapter in the story of Intelligent Design.

📚 Learn more from our Blog

🛒 Order Legendary Leafless Vanilla Dilloniana

Close-up  of  Vanilla  dilloniana  flowers  blooming  along  the  edge  of  a 
 large  container,  showing  pale  green  star-shaped  petals  with  striking  purple 
 and  white  centers  against  a  tangle  of  leafless  green 
 vines.

The unusual flowers of Vanilla dilloniana emerge directly from its leafless stems, creating a stunning contrast of pale green petals and vibrant purple throats.
Smokey: We cannot guarantee that your plant will eventually require a 250-gallon pool on wheels.
Sunshine: We also cannot rule it out.
Smokey: Officially, we cannot confirm that the plant possesses intelligence.
Sunshine: The evidence is mounting.
Smokey: What evidence?
Sunshine: It convinced humans to build larger containers, move it into a 250-gallon pool on wheels, transport it to museum exhibitions, and place its agents in collections across the country.
Smokey: That's called excellent horticulture.
Sunshine: That's exactly what the Intelligent Design plant wants you to think.

Date: 20 Jun 2025

Ten common greenhouse mistakes and how to avoid them

Greenhouse with tropical plants

Greenhouse with tropical plants

🏠 Ten common greenhouse mistakes and how to avoid them



1. Overwatering


It's easy to overwater in a controlled environment. Many greenhouse plants need less water than you think. Overwatering can lead to root rot, yellowing leaves, and fungal issues. Monitor soil moisture regularly and adjust watering based on the plant type, season, and current weather conditions.

2. Not enough light


Don’t block too much light - plants need full-spectrum light to thrive. Most greenhouse plants require as much light as possible to ensure healthy, vigorous growth. Lack of light causes leggy, weak plants and increases the risk of disease, pests, and fungal problems.

3. Too much of sun and heat


Greenhouses with plastic covers can trap intense heat, and during sunny afternoons, plants may get “cooked”. Direct sunlight can quickly overheat and damage foliage. Use shade cloth during the hottest months or to protect light-sensitive plants and prevent heat stress.

4. Overcrowding plants


Packing in too many plants reduces airflow, creating ideal conditions for disease and pest outbreaks. Give each plant enough space to breathe, grow, and receive light. Proper spacing also makes pest control and maintenance easier.

5. Poor ventilation


Lack of airflow leads to overheating, humidity buildup, fungal disease, and weak growth. Use fans, roof vents, or roll-up sides to improve circulation and maintain healthy growing conditions.

6. Skipping pest inspections


Greenhouses can trap pests in an ideal environment. Check plants regularly for aphids, spider mites, whiteflies, and fungus. Use systemic insecticides or organic treatments like neem oil at the first sign of trouble.

7. No consistent schedule


Inconsistent watering, feeding, and lighting can stress your plants and reduce productivity. Set a simple routine, and monitor conditions daily - even a quick walkthrough helps catch problems early.

8. Neglecting temperature and humidity control


Temperature and humidity can fluctuate dramatically between day and night. Use a thermometer (preferably with max/min memory) and a hygrometer to track conditions. Install heaters, shade cloth, misting systems, or dehumidifiers as needed.
Modern WiFi-based sensors that monitor temperature and humidity 24/7 are convenient tools - you can keep tabs on your greenhouse right from your smartphone.

9. Recycling old soil


Avoid reusing soil from plants that died, as it may harbor root diseases or pests. Always use fresh, high-quality soil for new plantings. Don't cut corners - healthy soil is key to healthy plants.

10. Dirty tools, containers, and covers


Reusing dirty pots or tools spreads disease. Clean and disinfect containers, trays, and tools regularly. Use a diluted bleach solution to clean clear plastic or ground covers if they show mold or algae buildup.

#How_to

🟢 Join 👉 TopTropicals

Date: 29 Nov 2023

What plants are good to order in Winter?

Christmas  dog  and  night  moon  with  snow

Photo above: Christmas time in Ukraine (left) and Florida (right)

Q: Are there any tropical plants that will do well if I order them in Winter? We just bought a house in New Jersey with a large sunroom, and I can't wait to fill it with tropical beauties! Should I wait until Spring, or do you have something for a Winter start?

A: This is indeed a very good question, as many tropical plant collectors grow their treasures outside the tropics. The short answer is - yes! You can start filling your tropical sunroom any time of the year, but some plants are easier to deal with in Winter than others. Below are some guidelines.

Winter  bloomers:  Jatropha,  Champaka,  Brunfelsia,  Calliandra,  Leonotis

Winter bloomers today, left to right: Jatropha, Champaka, Brunfelsia, Calliandra, Leonotis.

1. Plants that prefer Winter shipping to avoid overheating stress:
- All plants with lush foliage such as Philodendrons, Medinilla
- Trees with fine feathery leaves such as Moringa, Jacaranda, Poinciana
- Some fruit trees sensitive to overheating during shipping: Papaya, Stawberry Tree, Starfruit (Carambola), Bilimbi.

2. Subtropical plants that are relatively cold hardy
- Fruit trees: Loquats, Olives, Avocados, Tropical Cherries: Eugenia, Malpighia, Noni (more cold hardy than you may think), Canistel.
- Flowering trees: Champaka, Tabebuia.
- All Bananas
- see all relatively cold hardy plants

3. Winter-dormant and/or deciduous plants: Adeniums, Plumerias, Gingers, Sugar Apple , Peaches and Plums, June Plum and Hog Plum.
See all deciduous/winter dormant plants.

4. Orchids, including Ground Orchids.

5. Winter flowers. Keep in mind that many tropical plants are winter bloomers, and their flowering is most profuse in Winter months, so you can enjoy the blooms right away:
Dombeya, Thunbergia, Gloxinia, Brunfelsia, Calliandra, Tibouchina, Barleria, Leonotis, Clerodendrums, Chinese Hat (Holmskioldia).
See all Winter bloomers.

Winter  bloomers:  Clerodendrum  minahasse,  Malvaviscus  Summer  Snow,  Kopsia 
 fruticosa

Winter bloomers today, left to right: Clerodendrum minahasse, Variegated Malvaviscus Summer Snow, Kopsia fruticosa

6. Winter plant care. During Winter the daylight is shorter and temperatures are cooler.
- Reduce watering
- Use only liquid amino-acid based fertilizer Sunshine Boosters (safe to use year around)
- Monitor insects.

7. Shipping in Winter. We ship year around. However, if it gets below freezing in your area, you may use FedEx Hold location, they are temperature controlled so you don't have to worry about a box being dropped off at your cold porch outside.

8. A note for mild climate residents. Most tropical plants can be planted in the ground year around. Some ultra-tropical tender species such Chocolate tree, Ylang Ylang, or small size Mango trees can be grown in pots until Spring and planted out once chances of cold spell are gone. Until then, they can be moved indoors for cold nights.

Think outside the box and bring tropical paradise indoors during the time when we need warmth the most! Tropical plants will brighten your short winter days and help you to have truly HAPPY HOLIDAYS!

Winter  bloomers:  Gloxinia,  Barleria,  and  ever-bright  Crotons

Winter bloomers today, left to right: Gloxinia, Barleria, and ever-bright Crotons...

Date: 5 Mar 2023

How to move plants from indoors to outdoors

Cat  with  indoor  plant  hiding  behind  curtain

Q: When moving my tropical plant collection outside in the garden, what do I need to know to get them adjusted to this change?

A: As a tropical plant gardener, it's important to assess the temperatures outside before moving your plants outdoors. Most tropical plants thrive in sustained temperatures above 60F.
Moving your plants outside during the summer creates optimal growing conditions for sun-loving plants, providing them with more light and warmth than they can ever get inside. This active time of growth, along with the outdoor conditions of humidity, heat, sunlight, and natural day length, gives the plant a chance to experience growth in an outdoor environment, making for a much stronger plant.
However, be aware of sun burn. Direct sunlight can burn patches of white or brown on the surface of the tender leaves, so it's best to move your plants outside by hardening them off first. Gradually increase the amount of direct sunlight they receive over several days before moving them into full sun.
It's also a good time to prune your plants and repot them if needed, providing better aeration to the root system. But avoid root pruning as it can make your plant susceptible to disease and shock.
Overall, moving your tropical plants outside encourages their natural bloom cycle and provides extra vigor for the upcoming indoor season. However, be aware that you may have to deal with insects when you bring your plants back inside in the fall, so use preventive sprays like Sunshine NoBug before bringing them back inside. Leaf drop is also common when plants come back inside, so make sure to provide a well-lit location.
When moving plants outside, it's important to provide them with proper nutrients through fertilization. Outdoor conditions can deplete the soil of essential nutrients, so giving your plants a boost of fertilizer before moving them outside can help them acclimate to their new environment. Apply Sunshine Boosters with every watering, include micro-elements and bio stimulants to boost their immune system.

Sunshine  Robusta  Booster  with  lush  foliage  indoor  plant

Date: 21 Feb 2020

When plants are ready for a meal?

Q: We have an early Spring here in Florida. All plants in my garden flushing out new leaves and buds opening. Can I start fertilizing? I have Mango, Avocado, Peach trees, many medicinal herbs and flowering shrubs: Angel trumpets, plumerias, bromeliads. I prefer mild organic fertilizers; can you suggest something that is safe for edibles and butterflies?

Q: As a rule of thumb, tropical gardeners start regular fertilizing when the minimum temperatures (at night) go above 65F. Keep in mind that Sunshine Boosters fertilizers can be applied year around because they have mild formulas and used with every watering; during cooler period, you water less frequently, so feeding is reduced accordingly. Another advantage of Sunshine Boosters - they are natural (derived from organic amino acids which is the basics of Life). They are safe for edibles as well as pollinating insects.

Here is the feeding plan for your plants:
1. The most universal solution for all plants (both potted and in-ground): get a complete set of Sunshine Boosters Pro system: Advantage-Pro for vegetative growth, BloomBoom Pro for flowering stage, and Ca-Support-Pro + Constanta-Pro as necessary daily supplements. You will need all these 4 components for your garden.
2. Start adding these liquid boosters with every watering according to dozing directions and you will notice amazing growth boost within a week.
3. Apply Sunshine Epi plant hormone every 2 weeks as a foliar spray to boost immune system and metabolism of plants and protect them from diseases. Epi makes plants (especially young plants and those "waking up" from dormancy) grow twice faster! It also enhances effect of fertilizers by increasing plant metabolism.
4. After cool winter temperatures, some plants may develop element deficiencies like chlorosis (yellowing leaves). Additional microelement boost can be provided with Sunshine Greenleaf (iron supplement) and Sunshine Superfood (micro-elements).
5. For additional boosting of flowering and setting fruit, use the following individual boosters:
Sunshine Robusta - for foliage plants and when you need rapid vegetative growth
Sunshine TotalFeed - for Plumerias and other fragrant plants
Sunshine Megaflor - for Brugmansias and other flowering heavy feeders
Sunshine C-Cibus - for improving fruit production and quality
Sunshine Honey - for sweeter fruit (must be applied 4-5 times a year)
6. For young/small plants (seedlings, rooted cuttings) as well as tender tropicals like bromeliads, and orchids - Sunshine Bombino is a perfect choice due to its mild formula.
7. To save money, order complete sets rather than individual boosters; you will be able to safe up to 40%! Sunshine Complete Nutrition System Kits: Combo Kit, and Pro Kit.

If you are a fan of organic gardening, do not use dry fertilizers. While water-soluble and granulated (smart-realease) fertilizers are popular choice in plant nurseries due to their convenience, they are not as safe as liquid boosters because they create salt build-up in soil and have a high risk of overdosing/burning plant roots, especially potted plants, plants at breaking dormancy, at establishing, and at early stages of plant development. Besides, dry fertilizers may affect the taste of your fruit and herbs. See advantages of liquid boosters over dry fertilizers.

Learn more about Sunshine Nutrition System - a Natural solution for your garden.