How cold hardy are palm trees and how to protect them in winter
Coconut palm, Cocos nucifera
Fan palm - Licuala sp.
Areca palm - Areca (Dypsis) lutescens
Windmill palm - Trachycarpus fortunei
Cabbage palm - Sabal palmetto
Queen Palm - Syagrus romanzoffiana
Majestic palm, Royal Palm - Ravenea rivularis
European fan palm - Chamaerops humilis
Date Palm - Phoenix canariensis
📷 In the photos:
🌞 Cold sensitive palms:
Coconut palm: Cocos nucifera
Fan palm: Licuala sp.
Areca palm: Areca (Dypsis) lutescens
❄️ Cold hardy palms:
Windmill palm: Trachycarpus fortunei
Cabbage palm: Sabal palmetto
Queen Palm: Syagrus romanzoffiana
Majestic palm: Ravenea rivularis
European fan palm: Chamaerops humilis
Date Palm: Phoenix canariensis
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Why is my palm tree turning yellow?
Green and yellow palm
Yellowing leaves are a common concern with palms and can be a sign of several issues, most commonly: nutrient deficiency and pests or disease. Additionally, leaf yellowing may be a sign off overwatering or poor drainage, underwatering, or cold damage.
- ✔️Nutrient deficiency
- ✔️Signs of nutrient deficiencies:
Nutrient deficiency is the most frequent cause of palm issues. Palms are heavy feeders, and even a slight imbalance can lead to yellowing. Lack of nitrogen, magnesium, iron, or potassium is the leading cause.
▫️Magnesium and Iron deficiency is one of the top culprits, especially in sandy soils. It causes older fronds to turn yellow with green veins.
- ▫️Potassium deficiency causes yellow or orange spots on older fronds.
- ▫️Nitrogen deficiency leads to overall pale yellowing, especially in new growth.
- ✔️How to fix?
- ✔️Pests and Diseases
- ✔️Signs of pests:
Use a slow-release fertilizer with high Nitrogen content, like Green Magic, that includes all these elements; with 16-6-11 grade and 6 months release, it turns plants green very quickly! You can also use a balanced liquid fertilizer like Sunshine Robusta. Additionally, a supplement of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) and micro-element supplement containing chelated Iron can help, like Sunshine Superfood (amino-acid based natural product).
Pests and fungal diseases can lead to yellowing. Check for signs of scale, mites, or fungal and bacterial problems, especially if yellowing is uneven or spotted.
▫️Thrips cause silvery-yellow streaks or mottling
- ▫️Spider mites, especially in dry conditions, cause yellow speckling
- ▫️Scale insects can suck sap and weaken fronds
- ▫️Mealybugs often found in leaf bases and crowns
- ✔️How to fix?
- ✔️Lethal yellowing
- ✔️How to fix?
- ✔️Other causes
Inspect your palm regularly and treat pests early with neem oil, insecticidal soap, or horticultural oil.
Lethal yellowing is a serious disease caused by a phytoplasma, a type of bacteria-like organism. It affecting mostly Coconut palms and some other species like Phoenix (Date) palms. It causes premature fruit drop, yellowing of fronds starting from the lower ones, and eventual death of the tree.
Unfortunately, there's no cure, but early removal of infected trees can slow the spread. Disease-resistant coconut varieties are available.
▫️Overwatering or Poor Drainage: Too much water can suffocate roots and lead to yellowing. Make sure the soil drains well and let it dry slightly between waterings.
- ▫️Underwatering: Dry soil for too long will stress the palm. Water deeply but infrequently.
- ▫️Cold Damage: Exposure to cold temperatures can turn fronds yellow or brown, especially in tropical varieties.
✔️In most cases, leaf yellowing isn't fatal, but it's a sign your palm needs attention. Focus on balanced feeding, proper watering, and pest checks to keep your palm healthy and green. Trim only fully dead fronds - yellow ones still provide nutrients to the palm. With proper care, your palm should green up again.
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Date:
Growing by the sea
Q: Please recommend me some interesting plants that can grow on my waterfront property and can withstand some salt wind. All my neighbors have Sea Grape trees and bougainvilleas, and I want something different and special. I would love to have some colorful or fragrant flowers, or fruit around my paradise home.
Q: Considering your neighbors successfully grow Sea Grape (Coccoloba), and Bougainvilleas, you have a mild, frost free climate. There is a number of spectacular and useful tropical plants that are salt tolerant. Orchid Trees - Bauhinias, Poincettia - Delonix, and Geiger trees - Cordias, are very showy flowering trees. For large size bushes, try Dwarf Poincianas - Caesalpinias, and Scarlet-Coral Erythrinas. Frangipani - Plumeria, come in different colors and bring you perfume fragrance from Hawaii. And of course, Desert Roses - Adeniums, can be grown and showy specimens anywhere in your yard, both in the ground or as potted bonsai.
Most palms, especially popular Coconut Palm, source of tasty fruit and drink, are highly tolerant to salt breeze. If you are looking for something that nobody has, Lipstick palm, or Sealing wax palm - Cyrtostachys lakka, is definitely the most spectacular palm you can find. It is a stunning feather palm that develops a brilliantly red trunk. Palm is originally from Malaysia, but has been introduced to Costa Rica and other tropical areas of the world. Sealing Wax Palm seeds are very slow to germinate, up to a year, and large specimens are very rare and hard to find even in rare tropical plant nurseries. This palm will require a good overhead light, and constant warmth (above temperature 55F). It is definitely worth an effort to grow this beauty.
You may add more tropical accents to your landscape by the sea with many varieties of showy heliconias.
Ponytail Palm - The Quirky Plant with a Big Personality!
Beaucarnea recurvata, Ponytail Palm, Elephant-Foot Tree, or Nolina
- 🌴 Beaucarnea recurvata, also known as the Ponytail Palm, Elephant-Foot Tree, or Nolina, is the ultimate low-maintenance showstopper!
- 🌴 With its swollen, bottle-like base (for storing water) and long, flowing, ribbon-like leaves, it looks like a palm but behaves like a succulent.
- 🌴 This adorable plant thrives on neglect, tolerating drought and even a bit of frost - making it a carefree plant.
- 🌴 Cute or quirky, it can be grown in a pot as a showy bonsai with a large caudex.
Put ❤️ for cute and 🔥 for quirky!
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Family:Arecaceae / Palmae
Sabal Palm, Cabbage Palm
Highly versatile and will adapt to a variety of sun and soil conditions. The cabbage palm is a medium sized spineless, evergreen palm with an unbranching trunk and very large, fan-shaped leaves that form a circular crown. When the palm is young, the gray-brown trunk is rough and covered with the old boots of leaf stalks. These stalks fall away, revealing the trunk as it matures.
Family:Cyclanthaceae
Panama Hat Plant, Toquilla Palm
Carludovica palmata is not a true palm. Its leaves are different from the leaves of true palms, and unlike true palms it does not develop a woody trunk.
Family:Dioscoreaceae
Palm-leaved Tacca
Tacca palmata (Palm-leaved Tacca), native to Malaysia, is a small plant that usually grows between 2-5 ft in height. This unusual looking plant requires partial shade or semi-shade, as well as regular waterings to ensure optimal growth. The flower petals are a unique combination of pale purple, green, and yellow, surrounded by a clover-like arrangement of green bracts. It is an ideal choice for Zone 10-11 as it prefers to grow at a temperature above 55F.
When growing Tacca palmata in a pot, it is essential to ensure ample drainage. During colder months, make sure to give extra protection to the plant such as placing a pot in a sheltered area or bringing it indoors to a warmer environment. Keeping a regular watering schedule and providing the adequate amount of shade and nutrition will help keep the Tacca palmata in great condition. Make sure to fertilize the soil every few weeks during the growing season and prune any dead leaves or branches. With the right care and attention, Tacca palmata will thrive in gardens and pots alike.
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Family:Arecaceae / Palmae
Paurotis, Silver Saw Palmetto, Everglades Palm
The leaves of the Acoelorraphe wrightii (Paurotis) are light green color, palmate and pinnate. Although it is a small palm, its leaves give it an especially lush and airy texture. Paurotis can tolerate salt wind and slightly salty soils. It is also known to be cold hardy to the low 30s F for a short time, but it must be covered with a blanket or a cover during those times.
It is best to keep the plants moist and then gradually reduce the amount of water as the plant matures. If you are in a cold region and want to grow this plant in a pot, you will need to make sure it is in a well-draining location. The pot should be placed in a semi-shaded area and mulch should used around the base of the pot. Regular watering and feeding should also be given throughout the growing season.
Overall, Acoelorraphe wrightii (Paurotis) is a great palm to grow in USDA zone 9-11. It requires full sun or semi-shade and regular water to thrive, making it an excellent choice for any garden, especially near a seaside location.
Family:Arecaceae / Palmae
Christmas Palm
Adonidia comes from Adonis, the handsome sun god of the ancient Greeks. This is neat looking, compact palm that resembles a dwarf version of the royal palm (Roystonea regia) which it matches in beauty. Christmas palm grows to an overall height of only about 16 ft. By late fall fruit are beginning to ripen and by late December are bright and brilliant red - like ornaments on a Christmas palm! It is... more
| Adonidia merrillii, Veitchia merrilli |  |
Christmas palm is moderately salt tolerant. Prefers full sun but will take some shade.
Small stature makes it perfect for use in small scale plantings. It is sometimes closely planted in groups of two or three.
Good specimen container plant. The formal symmetry of Christmas palm is nicely showcased when it is grown in a container. Indoors or out this is a glamourous container plant that can maintain its looks despite hardship and neglect.
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Family:Arecaceae / Palmae
Devil Palm, Ruffle Palm, Spine Palm
This very different dwarf palm from South America, has attractive spines all over it and fabulous, gracefully arching leaves, covered with white powder, with long, wavy, closely- spaced leaflets. The fragrant flowers produce clusters of red fruit making it ideal for conservatory or a warmer garden where it can actually stand occasional, but not hard freezing.
A solitary, showy spiny small tree. In the wild it grows 9-15 feet tall with a stem diameter of 2-4 inches. The epicarp and mesocarp of the fruit are rich in carotene and are eaten in Colombia, while the seeds are used to make candles.
The range of the species is found in forests of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela. The species is cultivated as an ornamental throughout the tropics.
Also known as Devil Palm, Corozo, Cocos rura, Mararay, Corozo, Macaguita, Marara, Macahuite, Corozo del Orinoco, Corozo anchame, Mararava, Cubarro, Chonta, Chascaraza, Charascal, Corozo chiquito, Corozo colorado, Pujamo, Gualte, Chonta ruro, Pupunha xicaxica, Coyure palm, Ruffle palm, Aculeata palm and Spine palm.
Scientific Synonyms - Caryota horrida, Aiphanes aculeata, Euterpe aculeata, Martinezia aculeata, Martinezia caryotifolia, Marara caryotifolia, Aiphanes caryotifolia, Tilmia caryotifolia, Bactris premorsa, Aiphanes premorsa, Martinezia truncata, Aiphanes truncata, Martinezia elegans, Aiphanes elegans, Marara bicuspidata, Martinezia ernestii, Aiphanes ernestii, Martinezia killipii, Aiphanes killipii, Aiphanes orinocensis.
Family:Arecaceae / Palmae
Buri Palm
Allagoptera caudescens is a large, upright, palm growing up to 5-10 feet tall in its native habitat. It prefers full sun and regular watering, although it can tolerate some drought. It is an excellent choice for seaside gardens as it is extremely salt tolerant, making it perfect for areas with wind and salty air. This slow-growing species can be grown in USDA Zones 9-11 and requires moderate water for best results.
In colder regions, outdoors, the Buri Palm does best with winter protection or in a container, as temperatures below 20°F can damage the plant. When growing this species in a container, it is recommended to use a high quality potting mix, making sure it stays well drained, as soggy soils can lead to root rot. During the growing season, water your Allagoptera caudescens regularly, allowing the top few inches of the soil to dry out in between waterings. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every few weeks during the active growing season for optimal growth.
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Detailed plant profiles: 241 plants found