Euphorbia decaryi (Euphorbia)

Euphorbia decaryi is a dwarf, rhizomatous succulent in the Euphorbiaceae family, endemic to southern Madagascar, where it inhabits dry shrublands. It develops partially underground, corky, irregularly twisted stems that spread horizontally, forming dense mats of short leafy shoots. Its most distinctive feature is the narrow, fleshy foliage, strongly folded and crinkled, with wavy, zigzag margins and prominent raised veins. Leaves are clustered near the shoot tips and vary from green to reddish bronze, sometimes becoming copper-colored in strong sunlight. Small, nodding cyathia have yellow centers surrounded by pale tan, cream, or pinkish bracts. The species is variable, and several closely related forms are sometimes confused in cultivation.

Euphorbia decaryi grows best in bright light to full sun, with protection from intense midday heat, and a loose, mineral-rich, sharply drained substrate. Unlike many desert succulents, it benefits from regular watering during active growth rather than prolonged dryness. Reduce watering in winter, especially when growth slows. It is frost-sensitive and best grown in containers outside reliably frost-free climates, approximately USDA Zones 10-11. Shallow, wide pots accommodate its spreading rhizomes. Propagation is by cuttings or seed. The milky latex is irritating and potentially toxic.

Euphorbia decaryi var. spirosticha is a rare cultivar from a private collection of Mark Hooten, hardly known in cultivation.