Adenocalymna comosum, Bignonia comosa

The North-east-Brazilian Liana. The euphilic flowers of plants in the family Bignoniaceae display a spectrum of adaptive radiations, involving different pollinator groups. Besides melittophily (adaptation to pollination by medium - to large-sized bees), which predominates, flowers are pollinated by hawkmoths and bats.

Each individual plant had a single inflorescence, which extends above the foliage, in the form of a simple, terminal, vertically orientated, many-flowered raceme on a long, bracteose peduncle. The inflorescence structure, with only one or two flowers open at a given time (in the latter case on the same node), indicates continuous flowering over at least several weeks, thus displaying a 'steady state' pattern . The flowers, on a stout pedicel (20 mm long), have a 5-dentate tubular calyx. The calyx, the sub-tending bracts and the two prophylls, bear groups of extra floral nectaries (single peltate trichomes). The yellow-colored corolla, measuring 7 mm in length, has a 28mm long and 4mm-wide basal tube that widens rather abruptly into a campanulate limb.

Amphitecna latifolia, Enallagma latifolia, Dendrosicus latifolius, Crescentia latifolia

Irregularly shaped tree with a bent and twisting, angular trunk. Simple, alternate ovoid leaves, thick and stiff. Waxy, glossy, and dark green, they contrast markedly with the lighter bark of the branches and twigs. Solitary flowers may be found growing amid the foliage or directly from the sides of the bare sections of the larger limbs and even the trunk. They are large, white, and composed of four thick petals fused into a bent and angular corolla tube that flares distally into a trumpet. The green calyx that covers and protects the developing flower during its early development is also fused into one piece, and it splits irregularly when the blossom finally emerges. Five long, black-anthered stamens and a central pistil are found within the perianth. Flowers are nearly present throughout the entire year. Fruits are large (4"in diameter), ovoid, indehiscent green pods with a smooth, glossy texture and an appearance similar to the fruits of the Jicaro (Crescentia alata ) tree. Inside the thin, woody skin of the pod is a white fleshy pulp that surrounds several black seeds. The white pulp and seeds of the fruit are edible. Jicarillo wood is reportedly hard and rot resistant.

Pollination: "Members of this genus are not bee pollinated - the flowers have peak nectar production at night, and you'll notice that they produce quite a lot of nectar. Bees are generally after the pollen, they would probably drown in all the nectar this species produces. The flowers are also pretty big - these are bat pollinated. The bees will certainly visit, but they are not effective transferrers of the pollen to the stigma". (By Susan Grose)

Amphitecna macrophylla

Anemopaegma chamberlaynii, Bignonia chamberlaynii

Bignonia capreolata

Fast-growing cross-vine with unique leaves - two leaflets per leaf; the rachis ends with a tendril. The common name comes from the cross shape seen when you make a cross-section of a stem, makes an outstanding screen. Will scramble up a trellis or any other support quickly and easily. It is hardy and relatively pest free. The deep red buds in spring open to reveal a cheery yellow inside. Unscented tubular flowers appear in late April. Prune as desired.

Campsis grandiflora, Bignonia grandiflora, Campsis chinensis

A rapid-growing vine that provides excellent cover for fences, walls, arbors or large trellises. May also be grown on the ground to cover tree stumps or rock piles.

Needs support; partly twining; few aerial roots.

Hardiness Zone: 7-9

Campsis × tagliabuana 'Madame Galen' is a hybrid between Campsis radicans and Campsis grandiflora.

Campsis radicans

This is a fast growing evergreen vine reaching 30 feet tall. Beautiful red orange tubular blooms with yellow throat that blooms in clusters, each bloom is up to 3 inches long. Starts to bloom in early spring and continues all summer. Can take some frosts, somewhat hardy. Can be trained as a standard. Prune to keep under control. Incredibly beautiful. Once established does not need to be watered or fertilized beyond what nature provides. Can withstand long periods of drought even in growing season and does not seem to stress it at all, it keeps blooming. Propagation Methods: From semi-hardwood cuttings, by air layering. Environmental extremes tolerated. Plant in full sun to part shade and water occasionally in the summer, do not overwater. It is hardy to about 25-30 degrees F. If it is well-established, it should regenerate from the roots if it freezes down to the ground.

Campsis × tagliabuana 'Madame Galen' is a hybrid between Campsis radicans and Campsis grandiflora.

Related species: Distictis buccinatoria.

Catalpa bignonioides

It is a valued ornamental tree with large foliage and showy clusters of flowers in the spring.

Catalpa x erubescens 'Japonica' - hybrid between C.ovata x C.bignonioides.

Catalpa longissima

Tall tree from the West Indies where the hard wood is used for carts and other construction.

Catophractes alexandri